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Research and Analysis
Our investments in research and analysis help us, and our networks, develop and implement practical, workable initiatives that are responsive and informed by local context.
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Cambodia Business Environment Barometer 2025
March 17, 2026While Cambodia’s GDP and business environment have improved steadily in recent years, micro and small businesses in the country are expressing concerns about decreasing sales. That’s one of the key […] -

Digital Scoping and Mapping of Fiji and Vanuatu
October 9, 2025Building on the success of the Go Digital ASEAN program supported by Google.org, The Asia Foundation has expanded the impactful digital training and literacy program to the Pacific Islands. This […] -

Driving Digital Innovation: Opportunities and Recommendations
June 13, 2025This report provides an overview and key outcomes of Go Digital ASEAN, drawing insights from its impact on MSMEs and offering recommendations to inform future digital training initiatives and policy development across the region. -

Go Digital ASEAN 2 Impact Research: Regional Summary Report
March 4, 2025Launched in 2023, Go Digital ASEAN 2 provided digital skills training to 215,896 MSMEs across the region, helping them build digital literacy, financial acumen, and online safety awareness to grow […] -

Striving Digitally: Understanding the Challenges of Malaysian Women Entrepreneurs
August 23, 2024This report assesses the digitalization challenges and limitations faced by micro and small women entrepreneurs (MSWEs) in Malaysia. The insights gained will inform the design of the Mastercard Strive Malaysia […] -

Towards an Equitable and Integrated South Asia: Building Enabling Environments for Women in Trade – India Country Report
January 4, 2024India has registered a two-fold year-on-year growth in exports in recent years and has set a target of USD 1 trillion in exports by 2025. However, India’s trade with other […] -

The Current State and Role of Digital Technology Adoption in Tourism MSMEs in Cambodia
July 11, 2023The majority of businesses in Cambodia are micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), which account for 99.9 percent of all businesses and a sizable portion of employment in the private […] -

Care Economy Dialogue: Toward a Resilient and Sustainable Care Economy in Malaysia
June 21, 2023In partnership with the Australian High Commission in Malaysia, The Asia Foundation convened “Care Economy Dialogue: Toward a Resilient and Sustainable Care Economy in Malaysia” on March 28, 2023, in […] -

Digital Skilling in Asia and the Pacific: Efforts of Asia-Pacific’s Corporate Sector
April 19, 2023Over the past decade, public and private sector institutions have implemented a wide range of digital skilling programs. Given the demand for upskilling and re-skilling the workforce, these programs often have overlapping audiences, objectives, and content. A plethora of digital skilling programs are beneficial to the Asia-Pacific population, but due... -

Accelerate Women’s Entrepreneurship and Access to Capital in Cambodia: Lessons and Recommendations
March 28, 2023This document presents lessons and recommendations from Accelerate Women’s Entrepreneurship and Access to Capital in Cambodia, an initiative funded by the VISA Foundation and implemented by The Asia Foundation. By providing training courses to large numbers of entrepreneurs in Cambodia, this program aimed to provide participants with digital skills and... -

Roadmap for Action on the Care Economy in Asia and the Pacific
February 16, 2023Drawing on the input and expertise of Bali Care Economy Dialogue participants, this Roadmap for Action is a co-created regional agenda for building a resilient care ecosystem in Asia and the Pacific. Beginning with an overview of key issues discussed at the Dialogue, the Roadmap for Action lays out overarching... -

Toward a Resilient Care Ecosystem in Asia and the Pacific
January 12, 2023There is growing recognition that care work is both a ubiquitous and critical social and economic activity. Globally, care providers support over one billion people, including children, elderly adults, and […] -

Higher Education Institutions Information and Communications Technology Skills Gap Assessments Report
October 7, 2022The USAID Digital Workforce Development project in Cambodia is a five-year project targeting Cambodian youth, equipping them with enterprise-driven skills, training, and qualifications that will enable them to contribute to […] -

Renewable Energy: Establishing India-U.S. Triangular Development Cooperation Partnerships in the Indo-Pacific Region
October 3, 2022India has been working for more than five decades to improve energy access, increase energy efficiency, and promote clean technology to address the electricity, heating, and cooling demands. The country […] -

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Inequalities in Asian Cities: Focus on Working Mothers in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
June 13, 2022Mongolian version The Asia Foundation, in partnership with Kore Global, led an eight-city qualitative research project to explore the multidimensional impacts of Covid-19 on marginalized groups across five Asian countries. […] -

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Inequalities in Asian Cities: Focus on Tourism Workers in Vientiane, Vang Vieng, Pakse and Luang Prabang, Lao PDR
June 13, 2022The Asia Foundation, in partnership with Kore Global, led an eight-city qualitative research project to explore the multidimensional impacts of Covid-19 on marginalized groups across five Asian countries. Each of […] -

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Inequalities in Asian Cities: Focus on Female Bangle-makers in Hyderabad, Pakistan
April 25, 2022The Asia Foundation, in partnership with Kore Global, led an eight-city qualitative research project to explore the multidimensional impacts of Covid-19 on marginalized groups across five Asian countries. Each of […] -

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Inequalities in Asian Cities: Focus on Female Micro-Business Owners in Khulna, Bangladesh
April 25, 2022The Asia Foundation, in partnership with Kore Global, led an eight-city qualitative research project to explore the multidimensional impacts of Covid-19 on marginalized groups across five Asian countries. Each of […] -

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Inequalities in Asian Cities: Focus on Internal Ethnic-Minority Migrants in Hanoi, Vietnam
April 25, 2022Vietnamese version The Asia Foundation, in partnership with Kore Global, led an eight-city qualitative research project to explore the multidimensional impacts of Covid-19 on marginalized groups across five Asian countries. […] -

The Impact of Covid-19 on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Lao PDR: The First Pandemic Year
February 28, 2022Lao PDR recorded its first Covid-19 case in March 2020. The first nationwide lockdown, closing all non-essential businesses, occurred from March 30 to May 4, 2020. While restrictions within Lao […] -

Six Stories of Resilience: Digital Technologies as Drivers of Development in the Covid-19 Era
September 27, 2021The Asia Pacific region is adapting to the many challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic in part by leveraging the power of digital. Online platforms, mobile tools, AI-enabled digital services, […] -

Revisiting the Pandemic: Rapid Survey on the Impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs in the Tourism Sector and Households in Cambodia
August 25, 2021The Covid-19 pandemic led to a dramatic roll-back of economic progress across Southeast Asia. While the region has managed to contain the spread of the virus better than most others, […] -

GovAsia – Barely Staying Afloat: The Impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs in Southeast Asia
August 13, 2021GovAsia provides a platform for The Asia Foundation and its partners to examine critical social, economic, and political issues faced by citizens and governments across Asia, drawing on the Foundation’s […] -

2020 Economic Impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs and Timor-Leste’s Tourism Sector
July 9, 2021Over the course of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic had an unprecedented worldwide impact. In Timor-Leste, micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) were particularly susceptible to the economic impact of the […] -

Revisiting the Pandemic: Surveys on the Impact of Covid-19 on Small Businesses and Workers
June 10, 2021The Covid-19 pandemic is leading to a dramatic rollback of economic progress across Southeast Asia. While the region has managed to contain the spread of the virus better than most […] -

2019 Survey of Travelers to Timor-Leste
May 12, 2021The 2019 Survey of Travelers to Timor-Leste provides insights into the country’s developing tourism industry. It revealed that over 38,000 leisure travelers visited Timor-Leste in 2019, spending more than USD$23 […] -

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Employment in Middle-Order Cities of Nepal
April 27, 2021Covid-19 pandemic has deeply disrupted economic activities globally. Initial lockdowns, repeated surges in infection rates, and extended disruptions in movement of goods and people continue to slow the recovery process. […] -

Enduring the Pandemic: Rapid Survey on the Impact of Covid-19 on MSMEs in the Tourism Sector and Households in Cambodia
January 26, 2021The Covid-19 pandemic is leading to a dramatic roll-back of economic progress across Southeast Asia. While the region managed to contain the spread of the virus better than most, the […] -

The Fourth Industrial Revolution and the Future of Work: Implications for Asian Development Cooperation
January 26, 2021Advanced technologies like automation have utterly transformed economies, livelihoods, labor markets, and workplaces throughout Asia. Hundreds of millions of laborers have been lifted out of poverty as new technology applications […] -

The Pacific Covid-19 Infodemic
November 18, 2020The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed dangerous vulnerabilities in the Pacific’s digital information ecosystems, as well as great opportunities to use the internet to deliver access to information. Despite noteworthy initiatives […] -

Covid-19 and the Alignment of Timor-Leste’s Aviation and Tourism Strategies
October 28, 2020Before the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, Timor-Leste’s aviation sector was at an embryonic stage of development, and the shortcomings of its aviation sector were recognized as constraints on the […] -

Situational Assessment of Professional and Technical Occupation Associations
April 30, 2020Most skilled workers in Vietnam are members of science, technology or professional associations that represent and protect the rights and interests of their members. However, they are facing difficulties and […] -

The Future of Work Across ASEAN
February 27, 2020The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) presents a variety of opportunities and challenges for the ASEAN region. With support from Microsoft, The Asia Foundation led a regional research program examining the […] -

Timor-Leste Tourism Barometer 2018 – An Overview
June 25, 2019The 2018 Timor-Leste Tourism Barometer is the first of its kind for Timor-Leste. It was developed as a tool to identify opportunities and constraints of Timor-Leste’s tourism sector, providing a […] -

Timor-Leste Tourism Barometer 2018
June 25, 2019The 2018 Timor-Leste Tourism Barometer is the first of its kind for Timor-Leste. It was developed as a tool to identify opportunities and constraints of Timor-Leste’s tourism sector, providing a […] -

From Analog to Digital: Philippine Policy and Emerging Internet Technologies
October 16, 2018This report explores emerging internet technologies beyond those traditionally used for Internet connectivity in the Philippines, especially those that may benefit the unserved and underserved areas. Comprehensive research was conducted […] -

2017 Survey of Travelers to Timor-Leste
August 13, 2018The 2017 Survey of Travelers to Timor-Leste provides insights into the country’s developing tourism industry. It reveals that almost 37,000 leisure travelers visited Timor-Leste in 2017, spending more than USD$24 […] -

Taking Flight: Analysis of Timor-Leste Civil Aviation and Recommendations
May 3, 2017Timor-Leste faces numerous barriers to the growth of civil aviation, and by extension, its tourism industry. Problems range from essential regional and international connectivity and access, to the need for […] -

Room for Maneuver: Social Sector Policy Reform in the Philippines
February 27, 2014To contribute to better understanding of the politics of reform, The Asia Foundation, Developmental Leadership Program and Australian Aid published Room for Maneuver: Social Sector Reform in the Philippines. Exploring four important social sector reforms—anti-violence against women and children, reproductive health, freedom of information, and education governance—the cases focus on... -

Built on Dreams, Grounded in Reality: Economic Policy Reform in the Philippines
November 21, 2011That "politics matters" in development is canonical. The challenge confronting development agencies and practitioners is incorporating dynamic and complex political realities. Based on case studies of Philippine economic sectors, Built on Dreams, Grounded in Reality contributes to our understanding of reform and what international organizations can do to foster institutional...